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    Mono LLVM

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    Mono support two compilation engines, a fast, JIT-friendly compilation engine which does not generate very fast code, and a slower compilation engine based on the LLVM optimizing compiler that produces superior code.

    For example the SciMark score goes from 609 to 851.

    This extra performance comes at a cost: it consumes more time and more memory to JIT compile using LLVM than using Mono’s built-in JIT, so it is not a solution for everyone.

    Compiling LLVM support for Mono

    You need to install both LLVM and Mono from git, as follows:

    Get and install Mono and LLVM like this:

    Alternatively, you can try our LLVM branch which removes some restrictions so more methods can be compiled with LLVM:

    git clone git://github.com/mono/llvm.git
cd llvm
./configure --prefix=/mono --enable-optimized --enable-targets="x86 x86_64"
make && make install

    Note that on OSX mono is a 32 bit app, so you need to configure llvm with the --build=i386-apple-darwin10.8.0 flag as by default it will build a 64 bit version of the libraries.

    Use ‘git checkout mono’ when compiling against mono HEAD.

    Then get Mono as usual:

    git clone git://github.com/mono/mono
cd mono

    Since I am using the non-standard prefix for the LLVM installation (/mono), we need to make sure that we add /mono/bin to the PATH so that the configure script can detect the llvm installation:

    export MONO_USE_LLVM=1
PATH=/mono/bin:$PATH

    The next step is to run the configure script, the one flag that matters here is one of:

    • --enable-llvm
    • --enable-loadedllvm

    You can either link LLVM into your mono executable, or you can split it in a separate shared library (for example for Linux distributions that might want to ship both a slim Mono by default).

    ./autogen.sh --prefix=/mono --enable-llvm=yes
make && make install

    Now you have an LLVM-powered Mono. By default, the mono JIT is used to compile code, to make the runtime use LLVM, pass the ‘–llvm’ command line option, or add it to the MONO_ENV_OPTIONS environment variable.

    LLVM generates better code at runtime, but also takes longer to execute. This is why you need to explicitly tell Mono’s runtime to use the LLVM backend. This is achieved by either setting the environment variable MONO_USE_LLVM or by passing the –llvm command line option to Mono.

    Limitations

    LLVM is not able to support some of the features that Mono needs, so in those cases the JIT compiler will still fall back to Mono’s JIT engine (methods that contain try/catch clauses or methods that do interface calls).